-c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made -f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages -v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed --dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link (this is the default), rather than the symbolic link itself -h, --no-dereference affect symbolic links instead of any referenced file (useful only on systems that can change the ownership of a symlink) --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP change the owner and/or group of each file only if its current owner and/or group match those specified here. Either may be omitted, in which case a match is not required for the omitted attribute --no-preserve-root do not treat '/' specially (the default) --preserve-root fail to operate recursively on '/' --reference=RFILE use RFILE's owner and group rather than specifying OWNER:GROUP values -R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursively
The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the final one takes effect.
-H if a command line argument is a symbolic link to a directory, traverse it -L traverse every symbolic link to a directory encountered -P do not traverse any symbolic links (default)
--help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit
Owner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed to login group if implied by a ':' following a symbolic OWNER. OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic.
Examples: %s root /u Change the owner of /u to "root". %s root:staff /u Likewise, but also change its group to "staff". %s -hR root /u Change the owner of /u and subfiles to "root". https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/Report %s translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/> Full documentation at: <%s%s> or available locally via: info '(coreutils) %s%s' -R --dereference requires either -H or -Lfailed to get attributes of %scannot access %scannot read directory %scannot dereference %schanging ownership of %schanging group of %sno change to ownership of %s group of %s retained as %s ownership of %s retained fts_read failedfts_close failedit is dangerous to operate recursively on %sit is dangerous to operate recursively on %s (same as %s)use --no-preserve-root to override this failsafeWARNING: Circular directory structure. This almost certainly means that you have a corrupted file system. NOTIFY YOUR SYSTEM MANAGER. The following directory is part of the cycle: %s changed ownership of %s from %s to %s changed group of %s from %s to %s failed to change ownership of %s from %s to %s failed to change group of %s from %s to %s failed to change ownership of %s failed to change ownership of %s to %s failed to change group of %s to %s ownership of %s retained as %s neither symbolic link %s nor referent has been changed �p���s���p���p��Xt���p���t���q���p���p��8s��8.30write errorA NULL argv[0] was passed through an exec system call. /.libs/lt-’��"'�e‘`literalshellshell-alwaysshell-escapeshell-escape-alwaysc-maybeclocale"���>���̏��_���.�������������������d���������������������D���<���)���������T���������������������������������������������������������o���A���A���e���A���[���A�������A���A���A���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���A���A���A���A����������[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���A�����[���A���[���A���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���[���y���A���y���e���(���������������������������������Ȅ��������������������������������������������������������������ȅ����������������k�����������������������k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k��������������������������k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k�������X���k�������k�������k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���k���}�������}�����\���������������������L���D���,������������\���������������������������������������������������������T���D���D���4���D������D������D���D���D���������������������������������������������������D���D���D���D���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������D���������D������D���������������������������������������������������������������������������������|~��D���|~��4��� invalid userinvalid groupinvalid spec%s (%s) %s %s %s (C)Written by %s. Written by %s and %s. Written by %s, %s, and %s.
Report bugs to: %s bug-coreutils@gnu.org%s home page: <%s>
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.