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(invocation only) malloc: %s:%d: assertion botched (wd: %s) (core dumped) line $%s: cannot assign in this way%c%c: invalid option%d: invalid file descriptor: %s%s can be invoked via %s has null exportstr%s is %s %s is a function %s is a shell builtin %s is a shell keyword %s is aliased to `%s' %s is hashed (%s) %s is not bound to any keys. %s out of range%s%s%s: %s (error token is "%s")%s: %s%s: %s out of range%s: %s: bad interpreter%s: %s: cannot open as FILE%s: %s: compatibility value out of range%s: %s: invalid value for trace file descriptor%s: %s: must use subscript when assigning associative array%s: %s:%d: cannot allocate %lu bytes%s: %s:%d: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)%s: ambiguous job spec%s: ambiguous redirect%s: arguments must be process or job IDs%s: bad network path specification%s: bad substitution%s: binary operator expected%s: cannot allocate %lu bytes%s: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)%s: cannot assign fd to variable%s: cannot assign list to array member%s: cannot assign to non-numeric index%s: cannot convert associative to indexed array%s: cannot convert indexed to associative array%s: cannot create: %s%s: cannot delete: %s%s: cannot destroy array variables in this way%s: cannot execute binary file%s: cannot execute binary file: %s%s: cannot execute: %s%s: cannot get limit: %s%s: cannot modify limit: %s%s: cannot open temp file: %s%s: cannot open: %s%s: cannot overwrite existing file%s: cannot read: %s%s: cannot unset%s: cannot unset: readonly %s%s: circular name reference%s: command not found%s: error retrieving current directory: %s: %s %s: expression error %s: file is too large%s: file not found%s: first non-whitespace character is not `"'%s: hash table empty %s: history expansion failed%s: host unknown%s: illegal option -- %c %s: inlib failed%s: integer expression expected%s: invalid action name%s: invalid argument%s: invalid array origin%s: invalid associative array key%s: invalid callback quantum%s: invalid 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command names%s: substring expression < 0%s: unary operator expected%s: unbound variable%s: usage: %s: variable may not be assigned value(( expression ))(core dumped) (wd now: %s) . filename [arguments]/dev/(tcp|udp)/host/port not supported without networking/tmp must be a valid directory name<no current directory>ABORT instructionAborting...Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories. Options: -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated. Arguments: +N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting from the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with zero) is at the top. -N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting from the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with zero) is at the top. dir Adds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the new current working directory. The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.Alarm (profile)Alarm (virtual)Alarm clockArithmetic for loop. Equivalent to (( EXP1 )) while (( EXP2 )); do COMMANDS (( EXP3 )) done EXP1, EXP2, and EXP3 are arithmetic expressions. If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it evaluates to 1. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last command executed.BPT trace/trapBad system callBogus signalBroken pipeBus errorCPU limitChild death or stopCommon shell variable names and usage. BASH_VERSION Version information for this Bash. CDPATH A colon-separated list of directories to search for directories given as arguments to `cd'. GLOBIGNORE A colon-separated list of patterns describing filenames to be ignored by pathname expansion. HISTFILE The name of the file where your command history is stored. HISTFILESIZE The maximum number of lines this file can contain. HISTSIZE The maximum number of history lines that a running shell can access. HOME The complete pathname to your login directory. HOSTNAME The name of the current host. HOSTTYPE The type of CPU this version of Bash is running under. IGNOREEOF Controls the action of the shell on receipt of an EOF character as the sole input. If set, then the value of it is the number of EOF characters that can be seen in a row on an empty line before the shell will exit (default 10). When unset, EOF signifies the end of input. MACHTYPE A string describing the current system Bash is running on. MAILCHECK How often, in seconds, Bash checks for new mail. MAILPATH A colon-separated list of filenames which Bash checks for new mail. OSTYPE The version of Unix this version of Bash is running on. PATH A colon-separated list of directories to search when looking for commands. PROMPT_COMMAND A command to be executed before the printing of each primary prompt. PS1 The primary prompt string. PS2 The secondary prompt string. PWD The full pathname of the current directory. SHELLOPTS A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. TERM The name of the current terminal type. TIMEFORMAT The output format for timing statistics displayed by the `time' reserved word. auto_resume Non-null means a command word appearing on a line by itself is first looked for in the list of currently stopped jobs. If found there, that job is foregrounded. A value of `exact' means that the command word must exactly match a command in the list of stopped jobs. A value of `substring' means that the command word must match a substring of the job. Any other value means that the command must be a prefix of a stopped job. histchars Characters controlling history expansion and quick substitution. The first character is the history substitution character, usually `!'. The second is the `quick substitution' character, usually `^'. The third is the `history comment' character, usually `#'. HISTIGNORE A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which commands should be saved on the history list. ContinueDefine local variables. Create a local variable called NAME, and give it VALUE. OPTION can be any option accepted by `declare'. Local variables can only be used within a function; they are visible only to the function where they are defined and its children. Exit Status: Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied, a variable assignment error occurs, or the shell is not executing a function.Define shell function. Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command, NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked, the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's name is in $FUNCNAME. Exit Status: Returns success unless NAME is readonly.Display or execute commands from the history list. fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list. FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a string, which means the most recent command beginning with that string. Options: -e ENAME select which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR, then vi -l list lines instead of editing -n omit line numbers when listing -r reverse the order of the lines (newest listed first) With the `fc -s [pat=rep ...] [command]' format, COMMAND is re-executed after the substitution OLD=NEW is performed. A useful alias to use with this is r='fc -s', so that typing `r cc' runs the last command beginning with `cc' and typing `r' re-executes the last command. Exit Status: Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs.Display or set file mode mask. Sets the user file-creation mask to MODE. If MODE is omitted, prints the current value of the mask. If MODE begins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is a symbolic mode string like that accepted by chmod(1). Options: -p if MODE is omitted, output in a form that may be reused as input -S makes the output symbolic; otherwise an octal number is output Exit Status: Returns success unless MODE is invalid or an invalid option is given.Display possible completions depending on the options. Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against WORD are generated. Exit Status: Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.Display process times. Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its child processes. Exit Status: Always succeeds.Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get back up through the list with the `popd' command. Options: -c clear the directory stack by deleting all of the elements -l do not print tilde-prefixed versions of directories relative to your home directory -p print the directory stack with one entry per line -v print the directory stack with one entry per line prefixed with its position in the stack Arguments: +N Displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero. -N Displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.DoneDone(%d)EMT instructionEnable and disable shell builtins. Enables and disables builtin shell commands. Disabling allows you to execute a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin without using a full pathname. Options: -a print a list of builtins showing whether or not each is enabled -n disable each NAME or display a list of disabled builtins -p print the list of builtins in a reusable format -s print only the names of Posix `special' builtins Options controlling dynamic loading: -f Load builtin NAME from shared object FILENAME -d Remove a builtin loaded with -f Without options, each NAME is enabled. To use the `test' found in $PATH instead of the shell builtin version, type `enable -n test'. Exit Status: Returns success unless NAME is not a shell builtin or an error occurs.Evaluate arithmetic expression. The EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules for arithmetic evaluation. Equivalent to "let EXPRESSION". Exit Status: Returns 1 if EXPRESSION evaluates to 0; returns 0 otherwise.Evaluate arithmetic expressions. Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed in order of decreasing precedence. id++, id-- variable post-increment, post-decrement ++id, --id variable pre-increment, pre-decrement -, + unary minus, plus !, ~ logical and bitwise negation ** exponentiation *, /, % multiplication, division, remainder +, - addition, subtraction <<, >> left and right bitwise shifts <=, >=, <, > comparison ==, != equality, inequality & bitwise AND ^ bitwise XOR | bitwise OR && logical AND || logical OR expr ? expr : expr conditional operator =, *=, /=, %=, +=, -=, <<=, >>=, &=, ^=, |= assignment Shell variables are allowed as operands. The name of the variable is replaced by its value (coerced to a fixed-width integer) within an expression. The variable need not have its integer attribute turned on to be used in an expression. Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence rules above. Exit Status: If the last ARG evaluates to 0, let returns 1; let returns 0 otherwise.Evaluate conditional expression. This is a synonym for the "test" builtin, but the last argument must be a literal `]', to match the opening `['.Execute arguments as a shell command. Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell, and execute the resulting commands. Exit Status: Returns exit status of command or success if command is null.Execute commands as long as a test does not succeed. Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the `until' COMMANDS has an exit status which is not zero. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last command executed.Execute commands as long as a test succeeds. Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the `while' COMMANDS has an exit status of zero. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last command executed.Execute commands based on conditional. The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise, the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero if no condition tested true. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last command executed.Execute commands based on pattern matching. Selectively execute COMMANDS based upon WORD matching PATTERN. The `|' is used to separate multiple patterns. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last command executed.Execute commands for each member in a list. The `for' loop executes a sequence of commands for each member in a list of items. If `in WORDS ...;' is not present, then `in "$@"' is assumed. For each element in WORDS, NAME is set to that element, and the COMMANDS are executed. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last command executed.Execute commands from a file in the current shell. Read and execute commands from FILENAME in the current shell. The entries in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME. If any ARGUMENTS are supplied, they become the positional parameters when FILENAME is executed. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last command executed in FILENAME; fails if FILENAME cannot be read.Execute conditional command. Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators: ( EXPRESSION ) Returns the value of EXPRESSION ! EXPRESSION True if EXPRESSION is false; else false EXPR1 && EXPR2 True if both EXPR1 and EXPR2 are true; else false EXPR1 || EXPR2 True if either EXPR1 or EXPR2 is true; else false When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right of the operator is used as a pattern and pattern matching is performed. When the `=~' operator is used, the string to the right of the operator is matched as a regular expression. The && and || operators do not evaluate EXPR2 if EXPR1 is sufficient to determine the expression's value. Exit Status: 0 or 1 depending on value of EXPRESSION.Execute shell builtins. Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function. Exit Status: Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is not a shell builtin..Exit %dExit a login shell. Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed in a login shell.Exit for, while, or until loops. Exit a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified, break N enclosing loops. Exit Status: The exit status is 0 unless N is not greater than or equal to 1.Exit the shell. Exits the shell with a status of N. If N is omitted, the exit status is that of the last command executed.File limitFloating point exceptionGNU bash, version %s (%s) GNU bash, version %s-(%s) GNU long options: Group commands as a unit. Run a set of commands in a group. This is one way to redirect an entire set of commands. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last command executed.HFT input data pendingHFT monitor mode grantedHFT monitor mode retractedHFT sound sequence has completedHOME not setHangupI have no name!I/O readyIllegal instructionInformation requestInterruptKilledLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> Modify or display completion options. Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied, the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification. Options: -o option Set completion option OPTION for each NAME -D Change options for the "default" command completion -E Change options for the "empty" command completion Using `+o' instead of `-o' turns off the specified option. Arguments: Each NAME refers to a command for which a completion specification must have previously been defined using the `complete' builtin. If no NAMEs are supplied, compopt must be called by a function currently generating completions, and the options for that currently-executing completion generator are modified. Exit Status: Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or NAME does not have a completion specification defined.Move job to the foreground. Place the job identified by JOB_SPEC in the foreground, making it the current job. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion of the current job is used. Exit Status: Status of command placed in foreground, or failure if an error occurs.Move jobs to the background. Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion of the current job is used. Exit Status: Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs.Null command. No effect; the command does nothing. Exit Status: Always succeeds.OLDPWD not setParse option arguments. Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters as options. OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument, which should be separated from it by white space. Each time it is invoked, getopts will place the next option in the shell variable $name, initializing name if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to be processed into the shell variable OPTIND. OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an option requires an argument, getopts places that argument into the shell variable OPTARG. getopts reports errors in one of two ways. If the first character of OPTSTRING is a colon, getopts uses silent error reporting. In this mode, no error messages are printed. If an invalid option is seen, getopts places the option character found into OPTARG. If a required argument is not found, getopts places a ':' into NAME and sets OPTARG to the option character found. If getopts is not in silent mode, and an invalid option is seen, getopts places '?' into NAME and unsets OPTARG. If a required argument is not found, a '?' is placed in NAME, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed. If the shell variable OPTERR has the value 0, getopts disables the printing of error messages, even if the first character of OPTSTRING is not a colon. OPTERR has the value 1 by default. Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if more arguments are given, they are parsed instead. Exit Status: Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is encountered or an error occurs.QuitRead lines from a file into an array variable. A synonym for `mapfile'.Record lockRemoves entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory. Options: -n Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated. Arguments: +N Removes the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0' removes the first directory, `popd +1' the second. -N Removes the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0' removes the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last. The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.Report time consumed by pipeline's execution. Execute PIPELINE and print a summary of the real time, user CPU time, and system CPU time spent executing PIPELINE when it terminates. Options: -p print the timing summary in the portable Posix format The value of the TIMEFORMAT variable is used as the output format. Exit Status: The return status is the return status of PIPELINE.Resume for, while, or until loops. Resumes the next iteration of the enclosing FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified, resumes the Nth enclosing loop. Exit Status: The exit status is 0 unless N is not greater than or equal to 1.Resume job in foreground. Equivalent to the JOB_SPEC argument to the `fg' command. Resume a stopped or background job. JOB_SPEC can specify either a job name or a job number. Following JOB_SPEC with a `&' places the job in the background, as if the job specification had been supplied as an argument to `bg'. Exit Status: Returns the status of the resumed job.Return a successful result. Exit Status: Always succeeds.Return an unsuccessful result. Exit Status: Always fails.Return from a shell function. Causes a function or sourced script to exit with the return value specified by N. If N is omitted, the return status is that of the last command executed within the function or script. Exit Status: Returns N, or failure if the shell is not executing a function or script.Return the context of the current subroutine call. Without EXPR, returns "$line $filename". With EXPR, returns "$line $subroutine $filename"; this extra information can be used to provide a stack trace. The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the current one; the top frame is frame 0. Exit Status: Returns 0 unless the shell is not executing a shell function or EXPR is invalid.Returns the context of the current subroutine call. Without EXPR, returns RunningSegmentation faultSelect words from a list and execute commands. The WORDS are expanded, generating a list of words. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard error, each preceded by a number. If `in WORDS' is not present, `in "$@"' is assumed. The PS3 prompt is then displayed and a line read from the standard input. If the line consists of the number corresponding to one of the displayed words, then NAME is set to that word. If the line is empty, WORDS and the prompt are redisplayed. If EOF is read, the command completes. Any other value read causes NAME to be set to null. The line read is saved in the variable REPLY. COMMANDS are executed after each selection until a break command is executed. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last command executed.Set and unset shell options. Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each is set. Options: -o restrict OPTNAMEs to those defined for use with `set -o' -p print each shell option with an indication of its status -q suppress output -s enable (set) each OPTNAME -u disable (unset) each OPTNAME Exit Status: Returns success if OPTNAME is enabled; fails if an invalid option is given or OPTNAME is disabled.Set export attribute for shell variables. Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting. Options: -f refer to shell functions -n remove the export property from each NAME -p display a list of all exported variables and functions An argument of `--' disables further option processing. Exit Status: Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid.Shell commands matching keyword `Shell commands matching keywords `Shell options: Shift positional parameters. Rename the positional parameters $N+1,$N+2 ... to $1,$2 ... If N is not given, it is assumed to be 1. Exit Status: Returns success unless N is negative or greater than $#.Signal %dStoppedStopped (signal)Stopped (tty input)Stopped (tty output)Stopped(%s)Suspend shell execution. Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SIGCONT signal. Unless forced, login shells cannot be suspended. Options: -f force the suspend, even if the shell is a login shell Exit Status: Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs.TIMEFORMAT: `%c': invalid format characterTerminatedThe mail in %s has been read There are running jobs. There are stopped jobs. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.These shell commands are defined internally. Type `help' to see this list. Type `help name' to find out more about the function `name'. Use `info bash' to find out more about the shell in general. Use `man -k' or `info' to find out more about commands not in this list. A star (*) next to a name means that the command is disabled. This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it.Trap signals and other events. Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals or other conditions. ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the signal(s) SIGNAL_SPEC. If ARG is absent (and a single SIGNAL_SPEC is supplied) or `-', each specified signal is reset to its original value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the shell to exit when the -e option is enabled. If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated with each signal. Options: -l print a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers -p display the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number. Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A signal may be sent to the shell with "kill -signal $$". Exit Status: Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given.Type `%s -c "help set"' for more information about shell options. Type `%s -c help' for more information about shell builtin commands. Unknown Signal #Unknown Signal #%dUnknown errorUnknown statusUrgent IO conditionUsage: %s [GNU long option] [option] ... %s [GNU long option] [option] script-file ... Use "%s" to leave the shell. Use the `bashbug' command to report bugs. User signal 1User signal 2Wait for job completion and return exit status. Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes in that job's pipeline. If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and returns its exit status. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last ID; fails if ID is invalid or an invalid option is given.Wait for process completion and return exit status. Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status. If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID. Exit Status: Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid option is given.Window changedWrite arguments to the standard output. Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline. Options: -n do not append a newline Exit Status: Returns success unless a write error occurs.You have mail in $_You have new mail in $_[ arg... ][[ expression ]]`%c': bad command`%c': invalid format character`%c': invalid symbolic mode character`%c': invalid symbolic mode operator`%c': invalid time format specification`%s': cannot unbind`%s': invalid alias name`%s': invalid keymap name`%s': is a special builtin`%s': missing format character`%s': not a pid or valid job spec`%s': not a valid identifier`%s': unknown function name`)' expected`)' expected, found %s`:' expected for conditional expressionadd_process: pid %5ld (%s) marked as still aliveadd_process: process %5ld (%s) in the_pipelinealias [-p] [name[=value] ... ]all_local_variables: no function context at current scopeargumentargument expectedarray variable support requiredattempted assignment to non-variablebad array subscriptbad command typebad connectorbad jumpbad substitution: no closing "`" in %sbad substitution: no closing `%s' in %sbash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for commandbg [job_spec ...]bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %sbrace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elementsbrace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'break [n]bug: bad expassign tokenbuiltin [shell-builtin [arg ...]]caller [expr]can only `return' from a function or sourced scriptcan only be used in a functioncannot allocate new file descriptor for bash input from fd %dcannot create temp file for here-document: %scannot duplicate fd %d to fd %dcannot duplicate named pipe %s as fd %dcannot find %s in shared object %s: %scannot make child for command substitutioncannot make child for process substitutioncannot make pipe for command substitutioncannot make pipe for process substitutioncannot open named pipe %s for readingcannot open named pipe %s for writingcannot open shared object %s: %scannot redirect standard input from /dev/null: %scannot reset nodelay mode for fd %dcannot set and unset shell options simultaneouslycannot set terminal process group (%d)cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variablecannot suspendcannot suspend a login shellcannot use `-f' to make functionscannot use more than one of -anrwcase WORD in [PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMANDS ;;]... esaccd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]child setpgid (%ld to %ld)command [-pVv] command [arg ...]command_substitute: cannot duplicate pipe as fd 1complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]completion: function `%s' not foundcompopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]conditional binary operator expectedcontinue [n]coproc [NAME] command [redirections]could not find /tmp, please create!cprintf: `%c': invalid format charactercurrentdeclare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]deleting stopped job %d with process group %lddescribe_pid: %ld: no such piddirectory stack emptydirectory stack indexdirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]division by 0dynamic loading not availableecho [-n] [arg ...]echo [-neE] [arg ...]empty array variable nameenable [-a] [-dnps] [-f filename] [name ...]error getting terminal attributes: %serror importing function definition for `%s'error setting terminal attributes: %seval [arg ...]exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments ...]] [redirection ...]exit [n]expected `)'exponent less than 0export [-fn] [name[=value] ...] or export -pexpression expectedexpression recursion level exceededfc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]fg [job_spec]file descriptor out of rangefilename argument requiredfor (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMMANDS; donefor NAME [in WORDS ... ] ; do COMMANDS; doneforked pid %d appears in running job %dformat parsing problem: %sfree: called with already freed block argumentfree: called with unallocated block argumentfree: start and end chunk sizes differfree: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of rangefunction name { COMMANDS ; } or name () { COMMANDS ; }future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitutiongetcwd: cannot access parent directoriesgetopts optstring name [arg]hash [-lr] [-p pathname] [-dt] [name ...]hashing disabledhelp [-dms] [pattern ...]here-document at line %d delimited by end-of-file (wanted `%s')history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]history positionhistory specificationhits command identifier expected after pre-increment or pre-decrementif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fiinitialize_job_control: getpgrp failedinitialize_job_control: line disciplineinitialize_job_control: setpgidinvalid arithmetic baseinvalid baseinvalid character %d in exportstr for %sinvalid hex numberinvalid numberinvalid octal numberinvalid signal numberjob %d started without job controljob_spec [&]jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]last command: %s let arg [arg ...]limitline %d: line editing not enabledlocal [option] name[=value] ...logout logout [n]loop countmake_here_document: bad instruction type %dmake_local_variable: no function context at current scopemake_redirection: redirection instruction `%d' out of rangemalloc: block on free list clobberedmalloc: failed assertion: %s migrate process to another CPUmissing `)'missing `]'missing hex digit for \xmissing unicode digit for \%cnetwork operations not supportedno `=' in exportstr for %sno closing `%c' in %sno command foundno help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'.no job controlno job control in this shellno match: %sno other directoryno other options allowed with `-x'not currently executing completion functionnot login shell: use `exit'octal numberonly meaningful in a `for', `while', or `until' looppipe errorpop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scopepop_var_context: head of shell_variables not a function contextpop_var_context: no global_variables contextpopd [-n] [+N | -N]power failure imminentprint_command: bad connector `%d'printf [-v var] format [arguments]progcomp_insert: %s: NULL COMPSPECprogramming errorpushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]pwd [-LP]read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]read error: %d: %sreadarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]readonly [-aAf] [name[=value] ...] or readonly -prealloc: called with unallocated block argumentrealloc: start and end chunk sizes differrealloc: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of rangerecursion stack underflowredirection error: cannot duplicate fdregister_alloc: %p already in table as allocated? register_alloc: alloc table is full with FIND_ALLOC? register_free: %p already in table as free? restrictedreturn [n]run_pending_traps: bad value in trap_list[%d]: %prun_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myselfsave_bash_input: buffer already exists for new fd %dselect NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; doneset [-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option-name] [--] [arg ...]setlocale: %s: cannot change locale (%s)setlocale: %s: cannot change locale (%s): %ssetlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (%s)setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (%s): %sshell level (%d) too high, resetting to 1shift [n]shift countshopt [-pqsu] [-o] [optname ...]sigprocmask: %d: invalid operationsource filename [arguments]start_pipeline: pgrp pipesuspend [-f]syntax errorsyntax error in conditional expressionsyntax error in conditional expression: unexpected token `%s'syntax error in expressionsyntax error near `%s'syntax error near unexpected token `%s'syntax error: `((%s))'syntax error: `;' unexpectedsyntax error: arithmetic expression requiredsyntax error: invalid arithmetic operatorsyntax error: operand expectedsyntax error: unexpected end of filesystem crash imminenttest [expr]time [-p] pipelinetoo many argumentstrap [-lp] [[arg] signal_spec ...]trap_handler: bad signal %dtype [-afptP] name [name ...]umask [-p] [-S] [mode]unalias [-a] name [name ...]unexpected EOF while looking for `]]'unexpected EOF while looking for matching `%c'unexpected EOF while looking for matching `)'unexpected argument `%s' to conditional binary operatorunexpected argument `%s' to conditional unary operatorunexpected argument to conditional binary operatorunexpected argument to conditional unary operatorunexpected token %d in conditional commandunexpected token `%c' in conditional commandunexpected token `%s' in conditional commandunexpected token `%s', conditional binary operator expectedunexpected token `%s', expected `)'unknownunknown command errorunset [-f] [-v] [-n] [name ...]until COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; donevalue too great for basevariables - Names and meanings of some shell variableswait [-n] [id ...]wait [pid ...]wait: pid %ld is not a child of this shellwait_for: No record of process %ldwait_for_job: job %d is stoppedwaitchld: turning on WNOHANG to avoid indefinite blockwarning: warning: %s: %swarning: -C option may not work as you expectwarning: -F option may not work as you expectwhile COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; donewrite error: %sxtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)xtrace_set: %d: invalid file descriptorxtrace_set: NULL file pointer{ COMMANDS ; }Project-Id-Version: bash 4.3-rc2 Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: POT-Creation-Date: 2016-09-10 12:42-0400 PO-Revision-Date: 2015-08-27 13:36+0800 Last-Translator: Wei-Lun Chao <bluebat@member.fsf.org> Language-Team: Chinese (traditional) <zh-l10n@linux.org.tw> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Language: zh_TW Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0; 等待輸入逾時:自動登出 -%s or -o 選項 -irsD 或 -c <命令> 或 -O <shopt 選項> (僅適合呼叫) malloc: %s:%d: 主張已修補 (工作目錄: %s) (核心已傾印) 列 $%s: 無法如此指派%c%c:無效選項%d: 無效的檔案描述符: %s%s 可以被呼叫,藉由%s 有空的 exportstr%s 是 %s %s 是一個函數 %s 是 shell 內建 %s 是 shell 關鍵字 %s 是「%s」的別名 %s 已進行雜湊操作(%s) %s 未與任何鍵繫結。 %s 超出範圍%s%s%s: %s (錯誤字組是「%s」)%s: %s%s:%s 超出範圍%s: %s: 不當的直譯器%s: %s: 無法做為檔案開啟%s: %s: 相容版本數值超出範圍%s: %s: 追蹤檔案描述符的值無效%s: %s: 指派為關聯陣列時必須使用下標%s: %s:%d: 無法分配 %lu 位元組%s: %s:%d: 無法分配 %lu 位元組 (已分配 %lu 位元組)%s:模稜兩可的工作規格%s: 模稜兩可的重定向%s: 引數必須是行程或工作 ID%s:不當的網路路徑規格%s: 錯誤的替換%s: 需要二元表示式%s: 無法分配 %lu 位元組%s: 無法分配 %lu 位元組 (已分配 %lu 位元組)%s: 無法將檔案描述符指派給變數%s: 無法將串列指派給陣列成員%s: 無法指派為非數字的索引%s: 無法將關聯陣列轉化為索引陣列%s: 無法將索引陣列轉化為關聯陣列%s: 無法建立: %s%s: 無法刪除: %s%s: 無法以這種方式銷毀陣列變數%s: 無法執行二進位檔案%s: 無法執行二進位檔案: %s%s: 無法執行: %s%s:不能得到 limit: %s%s:不能修改 limit: %s%s: 無法開啟臨時檔案: %s%s: 無法開啟: %s%s: 無法覆寫已存在的檔案%s:不能讀取: %s%s: 無法取消設定%s: 無法取消設定: 唯讀 %s%s: 迴圈變數名引用%s:命令找不到%s:錯誤檢索當前目錄: %s: %s %s: 表示式錯誤 %s: 檔案太大%s: 檔案未找到%s: 第一個非空字元不是「"」%s: 雜湊表為空 %s: 歷史記錄擴充套件失敗%s:不明的主機%s: 非法選項 -- %c %s: inlib 失敗%s: 需要整數表示式%s:無效的功能名稱%s: 無效引數%s: 無效的陣列原點%s: 無效的關聯陣列鍵值%s: 無效的回呼定量%s: 無效的檔案描述符規格%s: 無效的 limit 引數%s: 無效的列數%s:無效選項%s:無效選項名稱%s:無效服務%s: 無效的 shell 選項名稱%s:無效的信號規格%s: 無效的逾時規格%s: 無效的引用變數名%s: 是一個目錄%s: 工作 %d 已在背景執行%s: 工作已經終止%s: 第 %d 列:%s: 超出最大函數巢狀層數 (%d)%s: 缺少冒號分隔符%s: 不允許名稱引用變數引用自身%s:沒有完成的規格%s:沒有工作控制%s:沒有此類工作%s: 不是函數%s: 不是常規檔案%s:不是一個內建 shell%s: 不是陣列變數%s: 不是一個索引陣列%s: 未以動態方式載入%s:沒有找到%s:需要數字引數%s:選項需要一個引數%s: 選項需要一個引數 -- %c %s: 參數為空或未設定%s:唯讀函數%s:唯讀的變數%s: 引用變數不能為陣列%s:受限的%s: 受限的: 無法重定向輸出%s: 受限的: 無法在命令名稱中使用「/」%s: 子串表示式 < 0%s: 需要一元表示式%s: 未繫結的變數%s: 用法:%s: 變數不可指派值(( 表示式 ))(核心已傾印)(當前工作目錄:%s) 。檔名 [引數]沒有網路時不支援 /dev/(tcp|udp)/host/port/tmp 必須為有效的目錄名稱<無當前目錄>放棄指令中止…在目錄堆疊頂部加入一個目錄,或者論詢 目錄堆疊,是當前工作目錄成為新的堆疊頂端 不帶引數時,交換堆疊頂端的兩個目錄。 選項: -n 抑制增加堆疊中目錄時通常變更目錄的操作, 從而只有堆疊被操作。 引數: +N 輪轉堆疊使得第 N 個目錄(「dirs」的 輸出列表中左起,從 0 開始) 升至堆疊頂端。 -N 輪轉堆疊使得第 N 個目錄(「dirs」的 輸出列表中右起,從 0 開始) 升至堆疊頂端 dir 新增目錄至堆疊頂端,並 使其成為新的當前工作目錄。 「dirs」內建命令顯示目錄堆疊。警報(側寫)警報(虛擬)鬧鐘算術 for 迴圈。 等價於 (( EXP1 )) while (( EXP2 )); do COMMANDS (( EXP3 )) done EXP1、EXP2 和 EXP3 都是算術表示式。如果省略任何表示式, 則等同於使用了求值為 1 的表示式。 退出狀態: 回傳最後執行命令的狀態。斷點追蹤/陷阱錯誤的系統呼叫偽訊號管道中斷匯流排錯誤CPU 限制子行程已死或者停止常用 shell 變數名稱和使用。 BASH_VERSION 當前 Bash 的版本資訊。 CDPATH 用於「cd」命令引數搜尋分號分隔的目錄列表 GLOBIGNORE 路徑擴充套件時忽略的檔名匹配模式列表, 以分號分隔。 HISTFILE 您的命令歷史記錄存放的檔案名稱。 HISTFILESIZE 歷史記錄檔案最多可以儲存的列數。 HISTSIZE 一個執行的 shell 最多可以訪問的歷史記錄命令列數。 HOME 您登入目錄的完整路徑。 HOSTNAME 當前主機的主機名。 HOSTTYPE 當前版本的 BASH 在其之上執行的 CPU 類型。 IGNOREEOF 控制 shell 收到檔案結束符做為單一輸入後的 動作。如果設定這個變數,則它的值是 shell 退出之前在 一個空列上可以連續看到的檔案結束符數量(預設為 10)。 未設定時,檔案結束符標誌著輸入的結束。 MACHTYPE 描述當前執行 Bash 的系統字串。 MAILCHECK Bash 檢測新郵件的頻率,以秒為單位。 MAILPATH Bash 從中檢測新郵件的檔案列表,以分號分隔。 OSTYPE 執行 Bash 的 Unix 版本。 PATH 當尋找命令時搜尋的目錄列表,以冒號分隔。 PROMPT_COMMAND 印出每一個主提示符之前執行的命 令。 PS1 主提示符字串。 PS2 從提示符字串。 PWD 當前目錄的完整路徑。 SHELLOPTS 已啟用的 shell 選項列表,以冒號分隔。 TERM 當前終端類型的名稱。 TIMEFORMAT 以關鍵則「time」顯示的時間統計資訊的輸出 格式。 auto_resume 非空時,一個單獨的命令詞會首先被在當前 停止的工作列表中搜索。如果找到則該工作被置於前臺。 如果值為「exact」則意味著命令詞必須精確匹配停止工作 列表中的命令。如果值為「substring」則意味著命令詞必 須匹配工作的一個子字串。任何其他的值意味著命令詞 必須是停止工作的一個字首。 histchars 控制歷史記錄展開和快速替換的字元。第一個字元是 歷史記錄替換字元,通常是「!」。第二個字元是快速替換字元, 通常是「^」。第三個是歷史記錄註釋字元,通常是「#」。 HISTIGNORE 用於決定哪些命令被存入歷史記錄檔案的模式 列表,以冒號分隔。 繼續定義本地變數。 建立一個以 NAME 為名稱的變數,並且將 VALUE 指派給它。 OPTION 選項可以是任何能被「declare」接受的選項。 本地變數只能在函數內部被使用,它們只能在定義它們的函數內 部以及子函數中可見。 退出狀態: 回傳成功,除非使用了無效的選項、發生了指派錯誤或者 shell 不在執行一個函數。定義 shell 函數。 建立一個以 NAME 為名的 shell 函數。當做為一個簡單的命令啟用時, NAME 函數執行呼叫 shell 語境中的 COMMANDs 命令。當 NAME 被啟用時,引數做為 $1…$n 被傳遞給函數,函數的名字儲存在變數 $FUNCNAME 中。 退出狀態: 回傳成功除非 NAME 為唯讀。從歷史記錄列表中顯示或者執行命令。 fc 被用於從歷史記錄列表中列出或者重新編輯並執行命令。 FIRST 和 LAST 變數可以是數字用於指定範圍,或者 FIRST 可以是 字串,意味著以這個字串開頭的最近一個命令。 選項: -e ENAME 選擇使用哪個編輯器。預設的是 FCEDIT,然後是 EDITOR, 然後是 vi -l 列出列而不編輯 -n 列舉時省略列號 -r 反轉列的順序(最新列在前) 用「fc -s [模式=替換 …] [命令]」的格式,COMMAND 命令會在 OLD=NEW 替換之後被重新執行。 r=「fc -s」是一個有用的別名,這樣的話輸入「r cc」會執行最後一個以「cc」 開頭的命令,輸入「r」會重新執行最後一個命令。 退出狀態: 回傳成功,或者執行命令的狀態;如果錯誤發生則回傳非零。顯示或設定檔案模式遮罩。 設定使用者檔案建立遮罩為 MODE 模式。如果省略了 MODE,則 印出當前遮罩的值。 如果 MODE 模式以數字開頭,則被當做八進位數字解析;否則是一個 chmod(1) 可接收的符號模式串。 選項: -p 如果省略 MDOE 模式,以可重用為輸入的格式輸入 -S 以符號形式輸出,否則以八進位數字格式輸出 退出狀態: 回傳成功,除非使用了無效的 MODE 模式或者選項。依據選項顯示可能的補完。 意圖在能產生可能的補完 shell 函數內部使用。 如果提供了可選的 WORD 引數,則產生按照 WORD 進行的匹配。 退出狀態: 除非使用了無效選項或者錯誤發生,否則回傳成功。顯示行程時間 印出 shell 及其所有子行程的累計使用者空間和 系統空間執行時間。 退出狀態: 一律成功。顯示當前記住的目錄列表。 目錄 藉由「pushd」命令加入這個列表;您可以 使用「popd」命令對列表進行遍歷。 選項: -c 刪除所有元素以清除目錄堆疊 -l 不印出與家目錄相關的以波浪號 為字首的目錄 -p 每列一個條目印出目錄堆疊 -v 以堆疊位置為字首,每列一個條目 印出目錄堆疊 引數: +N 以 dirs 不帶選項輸出的順序,從左起第 N 個條目顯示列表, 從 0 開始。 -N 以 dirs 不帶選項輸出的順序,從右起第 N 個項目顯示列表, 從 0 開始。已完成已完成(%d)模擬器陷阱指令啟用和停用 shell 內建。 啟用和停用 shell 的內建命令。停用使您能夠執行一個和內建 命令同名磁碟上的命令,而無須使用完整的路徑名。 選項: -a 印出一個內建的列表,並顯示其中每一個是否啟用 -n 停用每一個 NAME 內建或者顯示一個被停用的內建列表 -p 以可重用的格式印出一個內建的列表 -s 僅印出 Posix「special」 內建的名稱 控制動態載入的選項: -f 從共享物件 FILENAME 檔案中載入 NAME 內建 -d 刪除以 -f 選項載入的內建 不帶選項時,每一個 NAME 內建都被啟用。 如果要使用 $PATH 中找到的「test」而不是 shell 內建的版本, 輸入「enable -n test」。 退出狀態: 回傳成功,除非 NAME 不是一個 shell 內建或者有錯誤發生。求值算術表示式。 表示式按照算術法則進行求值。 等價於「let 表示式」。 退出狀態: 如果表示式求值為 0 則回傳 1;否則回傳 0。求值算術表示式。 將每個 ARG 參賽做為算術表示式來求值。求值的計算以定寬的整 數完成,不帶溢位檢測,不過除 0 是被置陷阱的並且會報一個錯 誤。下列運算子被按照相同的算術優先順序組合。列表的順序按照 優先順序從高至低。 id++, id-- 變數後置加,後置減 ++id, --id 變數前置加,前置減 -, + 一元減法,一元加法 !, ~ 邏輯和位取反 ** 指數 *, /, % 乘法,除法,取餘數 +, - 增加,減少 <<, >> 向左和向右按位移位 <=, >=, <, > 比較 ==, != 等於,不等於 & 按位與 ^ 按位異或 | 按位或 && 邏輯與 || 邏輯或 expr ? expr : expr 條件運算子 =, *=, /=, %=, +=, -=, <<=, >>=, &=, ^=, |= 指派 Shell 變數允許做為運算元。表示式中的變數名稱會以值取代 (強制轉換為定寬的整數)。表示式中的變數不需要開啟整數屬性。 運算子按照優先順序進行求值。括號中的子表示式將被先求值,並可取代上述表示式規則。 退出狀態: 如果最後一個 ARG 引數求值為 0,則 let 回傳 1; 否則 let 回傳 0。求值條件表示式。 是內建命令「test」的同義詞,但是最後一個引數必須是 字元「]」,以匹配起始的「[」。將引數做為 shell 命令執行。 將 ARGs 合成一個字串,用結果做為 shell 的輸入, 並且執行得到的命令。 退出狀態: 以命令的狀態退出,或者在命令為空的情況下回傳成功。當測試不同過時執行命令。 「until」COMMANDS 命令的最終命令回傳狀態不為 0 時, 展開並執行 COMMANDS 命令。 退出狀態: 回傳最後一個執行命令的狀態。只要測試成功即執行命令。 只要在「while」COMMANDS 中的最終命令回傳結果為 0,則 展開並執行 COMMANDS 命令。 退出狀態: 回傳最後一個執行命令的狀態。根據條件執行命令。 「if COMMANDS」列表被執行。如果退出狀態為零,則執行「then COMMANDS」 列表。否則按順序執行每個「elif COMMANDS」列表,並且如果它的退出狀態為 零,則執行對應的「then COMMANDS」列表並且 if 命令終止。否則如果存在的 情況下,執行「else COMMANDS」列表。整個結構的退出狀態是最後一個執行 命令的狀態,或者如果沒有條件測試為真的話,則為零。 退出狀態: 回傳最後一個執行命令的狀態。基於模式匹配來執行命令。 基於 PATTERN 模式匹配的字詞 WORD,有選擇的執行 COMMANDS 命令。 「|」用於分隔多個模式。 退出狀態: 回傳最後一個執行命令的狀態。為列表中的每個成員執行命令。 「for」迴圈為列表中的每個成員執行一系列的命令。如果沒有 「in WORDS ...;」則假定使用「in "$@"」。對於 WORDS 中的每 個元素,NAME 被設定為該元素,並且執行 COMMANDS 命令。 退出狀態: 回傳最後執行命令的狀態。在當前 shell 中執行一個檔案中的命令。 在當前 shell 中讀取並執行 FILENAME 檔案中的命令。$PATH 變數中的 條目被用於尋找包含 FILENAME 檔案的目錄。如果提供了任何的 ARGUMENTS 引數,則它們將成為 FILENAME 檔案執行時的位置參數。 退出狀態: 回傳 FILENAME 檔案中最後一個命令的狀態;如果 FILENAME 檔案不可讀則失敗。執行條件命令。 根據條件表示式 EXPRESSION 的求值回傳狀態 0 或 1。表示式按照 「test」內建的相同條件組成,或者可以有下列運算子連接而成: ( EXPRESSION ) 回傳 EXPRESSION 表示式的值 ! EXPRESSION 如果 EXPRESSION 表示式為假則為真,否則為假 EXPR1 && EXPR2 如果 EXPR1 和 EXPR2 表示式均為真則為真,否則為假 EXPR1 || EXPR2 如果 EXPR1 和 EXPR2 表示式中有一個為真則為真,否則為假 當使用「==」和「!=」運算子時,運算子右邊的字串被用作模式並且執行一個 匹配。當使用「=~」運算子時,運算子右邊的字串被當做正則表示式來進行 匹配。 運算子 && 和 || 將不對 EXPR2 表示式進行求值,如果 EXPR1 表示式足夠確定 整個表示式的值。 退出狀態: 根據 EXPRESSION 的值為 0 或 1。執行 shell 內建。 帶引數 ARGs 執行 SHELL-BUILTIN 內建,並且不做命令查詢 在希望以 shell 函數的形式來重新實現 shell 內建, 並且希望在函數之內執行該 shell 內建的情況下有用處。 退出狀態: 以 SHELL-BUILTIN 內建的退出狀態為準,或者如果 SHELL-BUILTIN 不是一個 shell 內建時 為假。。退出 %d退出一個登入 shell。 以狀態 N 退出一個登入 shell。如果不在登入 shell 中執行,則 回傳一個錯誤。退出 for、while 或 until 迴圈 退出一個 FOR、WHILE 或 UNTIL 迴圈。如果指定了 N,則跳出 N 重 迴圈 退出狀態: 退出狀態為 0 除非 N 不大於或等於 1。退出 shell。 以狀態 N 退出 shell。 如果 N 被省略,則退出狀態 為最後一個執行命令的退出狀態。檔案限制浮點數異常GNU bash,版本 %s (%s) GNU bash,版本 %s-(%s) GNU 長選項: 將命令組合為一個單元。 執行群組中的命令集合。這是對整個命令集合 做重定向的方法之一。 退出狀態: 回傳最後一個執行命令的狀態。HFT 待輸入資料已授予 HFT 監視模式已撤銷 HFT 監視模式已完成 HFT 聲音序列HOME 沒有設置結束通話我沒有名字!I/O 就緒非法的指令資訊請求中斷已砍除許可證 GPLv3+: GNU GPL 許可證第三版或者更新版本 <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> 修改或顯示補完選項。 修改每個 NAME 名稱的補完選項,或如果沒有提供 NAME 名稱,執行當前的補完。 如果不帶選項,印出每個 NAME 名稱的補完選項或當前的補完規格。 選項: -o option 為每個 NAME 名稱設定補完選項 option -D 為「default」命令補完變更選項 -E 為「empty」命令補完變更選項 使用「+o」而不是「-o」可以關閉指定的選項。 引數: 每個 NAME 名稱都對應一個之前以藉由「complete」內建定義了補完規格的 命令。如果不提供 NAME 名稱,當前生成補完的函數必須呼叫 compopt, 並且當前執行的補完生成器選項會被修改。 退出狀態: 回傳成功,除非使用了無效的選項或者 NAME 名稱沒有定義補完規格。將工作移至前臺。 將以 JOB_SPEC 標識的工作放至前臺,使其成為 當前工作。如果 JOB_SPEC 不存在,shell 觀念中的當前工作 將被使用。 退出狀態: 放至前臺的命令狀態,或者當錯誤發生時為失敗。移動工作至後臺。 將 JOB_SPEC 標識的工作放至後臺,就像它們 是帶「&」啟動的一樣。如果 JOB_SPEC 不存在,shell 觀念中的 當前工作將會被使用。 退出狀態: 回傳成功除非工作管理沒有啟用或者錯誤發生。空的命令。 沒有效果; 此命令不做任何操作。 退出狀態: 一律成功。OLDPWD 沒有設置解析選項引數。 Getopts 被 shell 過程用於解析可定位的參數做為選項。 OPTSTRING 字串包含待識別的選項字母;如果一個字母後面跟 著分號,則該選項需要一個引數,而該引數應用空格與選項分開。 每次啟動時,getopts 會將下一個選項放到 shell 變數 $name 中,如果 name 變數不存在則先將其初始化,而下一個待處 理的引數序號放入 shell 變數 OPTIND 中。OPTIND 變數在每 次 shell 或者 shell 指令稿啟動時都被初始化為 1。當一個選項要 求有一個引數時,getopts 將引數放入 shell 變數 OPTARG 中。 getopts 有兩種通報錯誤的方法。如果 OPTSTRING 變數的第 一個字元是冒號,getopts 使用沉默錯誤通報。在這種模式 下,不會印出錯誤訊息。如果看到了一個無效的選項, getopts 將找到的選項字元放至 OPTARG 變數中。如果一個必 須的選項沒有找到,getopts 放一個「:」到 NAME 變數中並且設 置 OPTARG 變數為找到的選項字元。如果 getopts 不在沉默模 式中,並且遇到了一個無效的選項,getopts 放置一個「?」到 NAME 變數中並且取消設定 OPTARG 變數。如果必須的選項沒有找到, 一個「?」會被放入 NAME 變數中,OPTARG 將被取消設定,並且會 印出一個診斷資訊。 如果 shell 變數 OPTERR 的值為 0,getopts 停用 錯誤資訊的印出,即使 OPTSTRING 變數的第一個字元不是一 個冒號。OPTERR 的預設值為 1。 Getopts 通常解析可定位的引數($0 - $9),不過如果提供了 更多的引數,它們反而會被解析。 退出狀態: 如果一個選項被找到則回傳成功;如果遇到了選項的結尾或者 有錯誤發生則回傳失敗。退出從一個檔案中讀取列到陣列變數中 一個「mapfile」的同義詞。記錄鎖從目錄堆疊中刪除條目。不帶引數時,刪除 堆疊頂端目錄並變更至新的堆疊頂端目錄。 選項: -n 抑制從堆疊中刪除目錄時通常變更目錄操作, 從而只有堆疊被操作。 引數: +N 從「dirs」輸出的列表中, 刪除左起第 N 個條目,計數從 0 開始。例如:「popd +0」 刪除第一個目錄,「popd +1」刪除第二個。 -N 從「dirs」輸出的列表中, 刪除右起第 N 個條目,計數從 0 開始,例如:「popd -0」 刪除最後一個條目,「popd -1」刪除倒數第二個。 「dirs」內建變數顯示目錄堆疊。通報管道執行的消耗時間。 執行 PIPELINE 並且印出 PIPELINE 終結時實際時間、使用者 CPU 時間和系統 CPU 時間的總結。 選項: -p 用可移植的 POSIX 格式印出用時總結。 TIMEFORMAT 變數的值被做為輸出格式。 退出狀態: 回傳狀態即 PIPELINE 的回傳狀態。繼續 for、while 或 until 迴圈。 繼續當前 FOR、WHILE 或 UNTIL 迴圈的下一步。 如果指定了 N, 則繼續當前的第 N 重迴圈。 退出狀態: 退出狀態為 0 除非 N 不大於或等於 1。在前臺繼續工作 對於 JOB_SPEC 引數來說和「fg」命令等同。繼續一個 停止的或者後臺工作。JOB_SPEC 可以指定一個工作 名字或工作號。在 JOB_SPEC 後加上一個「&」將會把 工作放至後臺,就像工作規格被做為「bg」命令的引數 執行一樣。 退出狀態: 回傳被繼續的工作狀態。回傳一個成功結果。 退出狀態: 一律成功。回傳一個不成功的結果。 退出狀態: 一律失敗。從一個 shell 函數回傳。 使一個函數或者被引用的指令稿以指定的回傳值 N 退出。 如果 N 被省略,則回傳狀態就是 函數或指令稿中的最後一個執行命令的狀態。 退出狀態: 回傳 N,或者如果 shell 不在執行一個函數或引用指令稿時,失敗。回傳當前子呼叫的語境。 不帶有 EXPR 時,回傳「$line $filename」。帶有 EXPR 時,回傳 「$line $subroutine $filename」;這個額外的資訊可以被用於提供 堆疊追蹤。 EXPR 的值顯示了到當前呼叫框格需要回去多少個呼叫框格;頂部框格 是第 0 框格。 退出狀態: 除非 shell 不在執行一個 shell 函數或者 EXPR 無效,否則回傳結 果為 0。回傳當前子例程呼叫的語境 不帶 EXPR 時,回傳執行中區段錯誤從列表中選取詞並且執行命令。 WORDS 變數被展開,生成一個字詞的列表。展開的字詞集合被印出 在標準錯誤輸出裝置上,每個以一個數字做字首。如果沒有「in WORDS」 則假定使用「in "$@"」。PS3 提示符會被顯示並且從標準輸入讀入一列 如果該列由被顯示字詞對應的數字組成,則 NAME 變數被設定為相應 的字詞。如果列為空,則 WORDS 變數和提示符被重新顯示。如果讀取了 檔案結束符,則命令完成。讀入任何其他的值會導致 NAME 變數被設定 為空。讀入的列被存放在變數 REPLY 中。COMMANDS 命令在每次選擇 之後執行直到執行一個 break 命令。 退出狀態: 回傳最後一個執行命令的狀態。設定和取消設定 shell 選項。 變更每個 shell 選項 OPTNAME 的設定。不帶引數 時,列出所有 shell 選項並標註每一個選項是否被 設定。 選項: -o 限制 OPTNAME 為定義用於「set -o」的選項 -p 印出每個 shell 選項並標註它的狀態。 -q 抑制輸出 -s 啟用(設定)每個 OPTNAME 選項 -u 停用(取消設定)每個 OPTNAME 選項 退出狀態: 如果 OPTNAME 選項被啟用則回傳成功;如果是 無效的選項或 OPTNAME 被停用則失敗。為 shell 變數設定匯出屬性。 標記每個 NAME 名稱為自動匯出到後續命令執行的環境。如果提供了 VALUE 則匯出前將 VALUE 做為指派。 選項: -f 指 shell 函數 -n 刪除每個 NAME 名稱的匯出屬性 -p 顯示所有匯出的變數和函數的列表 「--」的引數停用進一步的選項處理。 退出狀態: 回傳成功,除非使用了無效的選項或者 NAME 名稱。Shell 命令,匹配關鍵詞 `Shell 選項: 移位位置參數。 重新命名位置引數 $N+1、$N+2 … 到 $1、$2 … 如果沒有給定 N, 則假設為 1。 退出狀態: 回傳成功,除非 N 為負或者大於 $#。訊號 %d已停止已停止(訊號)已停止(tty 輸入)已停止(tty 輸出)已停止(%s)懸置 shell 執行。 懸置 shell 的執行直到收到 SIGCONT 訊號。 登入 shell 不可以被懸置,除非強制執行。 選項: -f 強制懸置,即使是登入 shell。 退出狀態: 回傳成功,除非沒有啟用工作控制或者有錯誤發生。時間格式:「%c」: 無效的格式字元已終止郵件在 %s 已閱讀 有執行中的工作。 有停止的工作。 在法律許可的情況下特此明示,本軟體不提供任何擔保。這些 shell 命令是內部定義的。請輸入「help」以獲取一個列表。 輸入「help 名稱」以得到有關函數「名稱」的更多資訊。 使用「info bash」來獲得關於 shell 的更多一般性資訊。 使用「man -k」或「info」來獲取不在列表中命令的更多資訊。 名稱旁邊的星號(*)表示該命令被停用。 本軟體是自由軟體,您可以自由地更改和重新發布。對訊號和其他事件設陷阱。 定義一個處理器,在 shell 接收到訊號和其他條件下執行。 ARG 引數是當 shell 接收到 SIGNAL_SPEC 訊號時讀取和執行的命令。 如果沒有指定 ARG 引數 (並且只給出一個 SIGNAL_SPEC 訊號) 或者 ARG 引數為 「-」,每一個指定的引數會被重置為原始值。如果 ARG 引數是一個空串,則每一個 SIGNAL_SPEC 訊號會被 shell 和它啟動的命令忽略。 如果一個 SIGNAL_SPEC 訊號是 EXIT (0) ,則 ARG 命令會在 shell 退出時被 執行。如果一個 SIGNAL_SPEC 訊號是 DEBUG,則 ARG 命令會在每一個簡單命 令之前執行。 如果不提供引數,trap 印出列表顯示每一個與每一個訊號相關聯的命令。 選項: -l 印出一個訊號名稱和它們對應的編號列表 -p 印出與每個 SIGNAL_SPEC 訊號相關聯的陷阱命令 每一個 SIGNAL_SPEC 訊號可以是 <signal.h> 中的訊號名稱或者訊號編號。 訊號名稱大小寫相符且可以使用 SIG 字首。訊號可用「kill - 訊號 $$」 傳送給 shell。 退出狀態: 回傳成功,除非使用了無效的選項或者 SIGSPEC。輸入「%s -c "help set"」更多關於 shell 選項的訊息。 輸入「%s -c help」更多關於內建 shell 命令的訊息。 不明訊號 #不明訊號 #%d不明錯誤不明狀態緊急 I/O 狀況用法: %s [GNU 長選項] [選項] … %s [GNU 長選項] [選項] 指令稿檔案 … 使用「%s」退出 shell 。 使用「bashbug」命令通報程式錯誤。 使用者訊號 1使用者訊號 2等待工作完成並回傳退出狀態。 等待以 ID 編號識別的行程,其中 ID 可以是行程編號或者工作規格, 並通報它的終止狀態。如果 ID 沒有給出,則等待所有的當前活躍子 行程,並且回傳狀態為零。如果 ID 是工作規格,等待工作管道中的 所有行程。 若給定了 -n 選項,等待下一個工作完成並回傳其狀態。 退出狀態: 回傳最後一個 ID 行程的狀態;如果使用了無效的 ID 或者選項則失敗。等待行程完成並且回傳退出狀態。 等待指定行程並通報它的終止狀態。如果沒有提供 PID,則當前所有的活躍 子行程都會被等待,並且回傳碼為零。PID 必須為行程識別號。 退出狀態: 回傳行程 ID 的狀態;如果 PID 是無效的行程識別號或者指定了無效的選項則失敗。視窗已變更寫入引數至標準輸出裝置。 在標準輸出裝置上顯示 ARGs 引數和一個換列。 選項: -n 不附加換列 退出狀態: 除非寫錯誤發生,否則回傳成功。您有郵件在 $_您有新郵件在 $_[ 引數… ][[ 表示式 ]]「%c」:不當的命令「%c」: 無效格式字元「%c」: 無效的符號狀態字元「%c」: 無效的符號狀態運算子「%c」: 無效的時間格式規格「%s」: 無法解除繫結「%s」: 無效的別名「%s」: 無效的鍵對映名「%s」: 特殊內建「%s」: 缺少格式字元「%s」:不是一個 pid 或有效的工作規格「%s」:不是一個有效的識別符「%s」:不明函數名稱需要「)」需要「)」,得到 %s條件表示式需要「:」add_process: 行程識別號 %5ld(%s) 標註為仍活著add_process: 行程 %5ld(%s) 進入 the_pipelinealias [-p] [名稱[=值] … ]all_local_variables: 當前作用域中沒有函數語境引數需要引數需要陣列變數支援嘗試指派給非變數陣列下標不正確不當的命令類型不當的連接器錯誤的跳轉錯誤的替換: 在 %s 中沒有閉合的「`」錯誤的替換: 在 %2$s 中沒有閉合的「%1$s」bash_execute_unix_command: 無法為命令找到鍵對映bg [工作規格 …]bind [-lpvsPSVX] [-m 鍵對映] [-f 檔名] [-q 名稱] [-u 名稱] [-r 鍵序列] [-x 鍵序列:shell- 命令] [鍵序列:readline- 函數 或 readline- 命令]大括號展開: 無法為 %s 分配記憶體大括號展開: 為 %d 個元素分配記憶體失敗大括號展開: 為「%s」分配記憶體失敗break [n]錯誤:不當的表示式字組builtin [shell 內建 [引數 …]]caller [表示式]只能從函數或者原始指令稿「return」只能用在函數中無法從檔案描述符 %d 為 bash 的輸入獲取一個新的檔案描述符無法為立即文件建立臨時檔案: %s無法複製檔案描述符 %d 到檔案描述符 %d無法將命名管道 %s 做為檔案描述符 %d 複製無法在共享物件 %2$s 中找到 %1$s: %3$s無法為命令替換建立子行程無法為行程替換建立子行程無法為命令替換建立管道無法為行程替換建立管道無法開啟命名管道 %s 進 readline-無法開啟命名管道 %s 進行寫入無法開啟共享物件 %s: %s無法從 /dev/null 重定向標準輸入: %s無法為檔案描述符 %d 重置無延遲模式無法同時設定和取消設定 shell 選項無法設定終端行程群組(%d)無法同時取消設定一個函數和一個變數無法懸置無法將登入 shell 懸置無法用「-f」生成函數最多能使用 -anrw 選項之一case 詞 in [模式 [| 模式]…) 命令 ;;]… esaccd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [目錄]子行程 setpgid (%ld 到 %ld)command [-pVv] 命令 [引數 …]command_substitute: 無法將管道複製為檔案描述符 1complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o 選項] [-A 動作] [-G 全域模式] [-W 詞語列表] [-F 函數] [-C 命令] [-X 過濾模式] [-P 字首] [-S 字尾] [名稱 …]補完: 未找到函數「%s」compopt [-o|+o 選項] [-DE] [名稱 …]需要二元條件運算子continue [n]coproc [名稱] 命令 [重定向]無法找到 /tmp ,請建立cprintf:「%c」: 無效的格式字元當前declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [名稱[=值] …]刪除行程群組 %2$ld 中已停止的工作 %1$ddescribe_pid: %ld: 無此行程識別號目錄堆疊為空目錄堆疊索引dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]除 0動態載入不可用echo [-n] [引數 …]echo [-neE] [引數 …]空陣列變數名enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f 檔名] [名稱 …]獲取終端屬性時出錯: %s錯誤,輸入的函數定義為「%s」設定終端屬性時出錯: %seval [引數 …]exec [-cl] [-a 名稱] [命令 [引數 …]] [重定向 …]exit [n]預期「)」指數小於 0export [-fn] [名稱[=值] …] 或 export -p需要表示式表示式遞迴層次超出範圍fc [-e 編輯器名] [-lnr] [起始] [終結] 或 fc -s [模式=替換串] [命令]fg [工作規格]檔案描述符超出範圍需要檔名引數for (( 表示式1; 表示式2; 表示式3 )); do 命令 ; donefor 名稱 [in 字詞 … ] ; do 命令 ; done生成的行程識別號 %d 顯示為執行中的工作 %d格式解析問題: %sfree: 用已經釋放的區塊做為呼叫引數free: 用未分配的區塊做為呼叫引數free: 啟始和末尾區塊大小不一致free: 檢測到下限溢位;mh_nbytes 超出範圍function 名稱 { 命令 ; } 或 name () { 命令 ; }未來版本的 shell 會強制以算術替換求值getcwd: 無法訪問上層目錄getopts 選項字串 名稱 [引數]hash [-lr] [-p 路徑名] [-dt] [名稱 …]已停用雜湊help [-dms] [模式 …]立即文件在第 %d 列被檔案結束符分隔 (需要「%s」)history [-c] [-d 偏移量] [n] 或 history -anrw [檔名] 或 history -ps 引數 [參數…]歷史記錄位置歷史記錄規格命中 命令 預增符或預減符後應跟有標識符if 命令 ; then 命令 ; [ elif 命令 ; then 命令 ; ]… [ else 命令 ; ] fiinitialize_job_control: getpgrp 失敗initialize_job_control: 列規律initialize_job_control: setpgid無效的算術進位無效的基底%2$s 的 exportstr 中有無效的字元 %1$d無效的十六進位數字無效數字無效的八進位數字無效信號數字在不帶工作控制的情況下啟動了工作 %djob_spec [&]jobs [-lnprs] [工作規格 …] 或 jobs -x 命令 [引數]kill [-s 訊號規格 | -n 訊號編號 | - 訊號規格] 行程識別號 | 工作規格 … 或 kill -l [訊號規格]最後的命令: %s let 引數 [引數 …]limit第 %d 列:未啟用列編輯local [option] 名稱[=值] …登出 logout [n]迴圈計數make_here_document:不當的指示類型 %dmake_local_variable: 當前作用域中沒有函數語境make_redirection:重新導向指示「%d」超出範圍malloc: 空閒串列中的區塊損壞malloc: 主張失敗: %s 遷移行程至另一個 CPU缺少「)」缺少「]」使用了 \x 但缺少十六進位數字使用了 \%c 但缺少萬國碼數字不支持網路操作%s 的 exportstr 中沒有「=」%2$s 中沒有閉合的「%1$c」未找到命令沒有與「%s」匹配的說明主題。嘗試「help help」或「man -k %s」或「info %s」。沒有工作控制此 shell 中無工作控制無匹配: %s無其他目錄其他選項不能與「-x」同時使用當前未執行補完功能不是登入 shell: 使用「exit」八進位數字僅在「for」,「while」, 或者「until」迴圈中有意義管道錯誤pop_scope: shell_variables 的前端不是臨時環境作用域pop_var_context: shell_variables 的前端不是函數語境pop_var_context: 沒有 global_variables 語境popd [-n] [+N | -N]即將停止電源print_command: 錯誤的條件連接符「%d」printf [-v var] 格式 [引數]progcomp_insert: %s: 空的補完規格程式設計錯誤pushd [-n] [+N | -N | 目錄]pwd [-LP]read [-ers] [-a 陣列] [-d 分隔符] [-i 緩衝區文字] [-n 讀取字元數] [-N 讀取字符數] [-p 提示符] [-t 逾時] [-u 檔案描述符] [名稱 …]讀取錯誤: %d: %sreadarray [-n 計數] [-O 起始序號] [-s 計數] [-t] [-u fd] [-C 回呼] [-c 定量] [陣列]readonly [-aAf] [名稱[=值] …] 或 readonly -prealloc: 用未分配的區塊做為呼叫引數realloc: 啟始和末尾區塊大小不一致realloc: 檢測到下限溢位;mh_nbytes 超出範圍遞迴堆疊下限溢位重定向錯誤: 無法複製檔案描述符register_alloc: %p 在表中顯示為已分配? register_alloc: 分配表已經充滿了 FIND_ALLOC? register_free: %p 在表中顯示為已釋放? 受限的return [n]run_pending_traps: trap_list[%d] 中的錯誤值: %prun_pending_traps: 信號處理是 SIG_DFL,resending %d (%s) to myselfsave_bash_input: 已經存在新的檔案描述符 %d 的緩衝區select NAME [in 字詞 … ;] do 命令 ; doneset [--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o 選項名] [--] [引數 …]setlocale: %s: 無法變更語區選項 (%s)setlocale: %s: 無法變更語區選項 (%s): %ssetlocale: LC_ALL: 無法變更語區選項 (%s)setlocale: LC_ALL: 無法變更語區選項 (%s): %sshell 層次 (%d) 太高,重置為 1shift [n]位移計數shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [選項名 …]sigprocmask: %d:無效操作source 檔名 [引數]start_pipeline: 行程群組管道suspend [-f]語法錯誤語法錯誤,在有條件的表示式條件表示式中有語法錯誤: 未預期的字組「%s」表示式語法錯誤「%s」附近有語法錯誤未預期的字組「%s」附近有語法錯誤語法錯誤:「((%s))」語法錯誤:「;」意外語法錯誤:需要算式語法錯誤: 無效的算術運算子語法錯誤: 需要運算元語法錯誤: 未預期的檔案結尾系統即將崩潰test [表示式]time [-p] 管道太多引數trap [-lp] [[引數] 訊號規格 …]trap_handler:不當的信號 %dtype [-afptP] 名稱 [名稱 …]umask [-p] [-S] [模式]unalias [-a] 名稱 [名稱 …]尋找「]]」時遇到了未預期的檔案結束符尋找匹配的「%c」時遇到了未預期的檔案結束符尋找匹配的「)」時遇到了未預期的檔案結束符二元條件運算子使用了未預期的引數「%s」一元條件運算子使用了未預期的引數「%s」二元條件運算子使用了未預期的引數一元條件運算子使用了未預期的引數條件命令中有未預期的字組 %d條件命令中有未預期的字組「%c」條件命令中有未預期的字組「%s」未預期的字組「%s」,需要二元條件運算子未預期的字組「%s」,需要「)」不明不明命令錯誤unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [名稱 …]until 命令 ; do 命令 ; done數值太大不可為算術進位的基底variables - 一些 shell 變數的名稱和含義wait [-n] [編號 …]wait [行程識別號 …]wait: 行程識別號 %ld 不是當前 shell 的子行程wiat_for: 沒有行程 %ld 的記錄wait_for_job: 工作 %d 已停止waitchld: 開啟 WNOHANG 以避免無限阻塞警告:警告: %s: %s警告: -C 選項可能無法按預期工作警告: -F 選項可能無法按預期工作while 命令 ; do 命令 ; done寫入錯誤: %sxtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)xtrace_set: %d: 無效的檔案描述符xtrace_set: 空的檔案指標{ 命令 ; }
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